The unconscious
Some feelings, memories, wishes and fears influence us without being fully available to thought. We may know what we do, but not yet understand why it feels necessary.
For example: you repeatedly agree to things you do not want, then feel resentful, without recognising how frightening saying no has become.
Defences
We all develop ways of protecting ourselves from feelings that once seemed overwhelming or unsafe. A defence is not a flaw; it is a solution that may have outlived the situation that required it.
For example: explaining every feeling intellectually may help you remain composed, while also keeping sadness at a distance.
Projection
Sometimes a feeling that is difficult to recognise in ourselves is experienced as belonging mainly to somebody else.
For example: you may feel certain another person is angry with you while your own anger remains difficult to acknowledge. This can be explored as one possible meaning, with care and curiosity.
Transference
Expectations and feelings formed in important relationships can become active in present ones, including the relationship with a therapist.
For example: a question from me may feel like criticism, or a session ending may feel like rejection. What happens between us can offer a live opportunity to understand a familiar pattern.
Countertransference
The therapist also has emotional responses in the room. Used carefully, reflected on and supported by supervision, these responses may provide information about what is being communicated or repeated between us.
They are not treated as proof about you, and I remain responsible for understanding my own feelings rather than placing them onto you.
Repetition
We may find ourselves recreating something familiar, even when it is painful, because familiar ways of relating can feel more predictable than unknown ones.
For example: repeatedly choosing unavailable people may protect against the different risk of being truly known by someone available.